動物基因組研究中心

Research Center for AnimalGenomics

　　

中心簡介/ Introduction

　　中心圍繞我國農業(yè)畜禽種源的關鍵核心問題,，針對畜禽品種生產性能低下、抗病力差以及飼料短缺等現狀,，以高通量多組學,、基因編輯和基因組選擇等技術為基礎，解析農業(yè)動物重要經濟性狀的遺傳基礎，挖掘我國優(yōu)質畜牧種質資源,，開發(fā)新型育種技術,，創(chuàng)新飼養(yǎng)模式,，加速禽畜種質創(chuàng)新。為實現國產節(jié)糧抗病新品種/配套系的快速選育,，畜牧產業(yè)健康可持續(xù)發(fā)展提供新的研究手段和發(fā)展思路,。

　　We are dedicated to solving the critical issues of livestock and poultry germplasm in China,including low production performance,poor disease resistance and feed shortage.Using high-throughput multi-Omics approach- es,gene editing technology and genome selection,our center will analyze the genetic basis underlying important economic traits of agricultural animals, explore and exploit Chinese local livestock resources,develop new breeding technologies,innovate the mode of feeding.and accelerate the innovation of livestock germplasm.We aim to innovate research methodologies and devel- opmental rationale to rapidly breed domestic pigs with high feed convertion ratio and disease resistance.and to benefit the healthy and sustainable development of animal husbandry industry.

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　　人員組成 / Personnel Structure

　　動物基因組研究中心現有中國農科院創(chuàng)新團隊3個、課題組6個,，國家重大人才計劃入選者3人,，深圳市國家級領軍人才1名，深圳市海外高層次人才4名,，中心現有成員共計54人,，其中博士生導師6名，研究員6名,，博士后9名,，研究生21名。

　　The center consists of two innovation groups of CAAS and four labs. Among the 54 team members, one person awarded “National Thousand Talent Program”, three have received the National Key Project Fund from NSFC, one have received the National Leading Personnel in Shenzhen, and four have received the Overseas High-level Talents in Shenzhen. The team includes six doctoral advisors, six research professors, and nine post-doctoral, 21 graduate students.

創(chuàng)新團隊 / Innovation groups of CAAS

　　豬基因組設計育種創(chuàng)新團隊

　　Pig genome design and breeding innovation team

　　動物功能基因組學創(chuàng)新團隊

　　Animal Functional Genomics Innovation Team

　　動物表觀基因組學創(chuàng)新團隊

　　Animal Epigenomics Group (AEG)

　　

　　課題組 / Labs

　　唐中林課題組 / Tang Zhonglin Lab

　　左二偉課題組 / Zuo Erwei Lab

　　Yuwen Liu課題組 / Liu Yuwen Lab

　　易國強課題組 / Yi Guoqiang Lab

　　Zhang Yubo 課題組 / Zhang Yubo Lab

　　高  飛課題組 / Gao Fei Lab

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　　任務目標 / Objectives

　　動物基因組研究中心將綜合運用多組學技術,、基因組選擇和基因組編輯等手段,，闡明豬等動物重要組織器官發(fā)育和經濟性狀形成的遺傳和表觀遺傳機理；開展豬等動物的遺傳改良和種質創(chuàng)新,，為畜牧生產提供優(yōu)良種質,；研究環(huán)境因子對動物的表觀遺傳效應；解決畜牧業(yè)可持續(xù)發(fā)展中的遺傳育種關鍵問題,，并為人類醫(yī)學研究提供動物模型,。此外，中心將開發(fā)基因溯源技術,，為粵港澳大灣區(qū)的動物源性食品安全提供保障,。

　　The Animal Genome Research Center will use multi-omics techniques, genome selection and genome editing to elucidate the genetic and epigenetic mechanisms underlying the development of important organs and economic traits in pigs and other animals; Develop genetic improvement and carry out new material creation and breed improvement in pigs and other livestock animals; Study the epigenetic effects of environmental factors on animals; Solve the key problems of genetic breeding in the sustainable development of pig industry, and provide animal models for human medical research. In addition, the Center will develop DNA tracing technology to ensure the quality and safety of food of animal originin the Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macau Greater Bay Area.

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研究方向 / Research Areas

　　（1）利用多元組學整合手段,，解析豬等動物的經濟性狀形成遺傳基礎和挖掘重要候選基因和分子標記,；

        Integrate multi-omics methods to understand the genetic basis of economic traits of pigs and other livestock animals and identify important candidate genes and molecular marks for genetic breeding;

　　（2）發(fā)展全基因組選擇和基因組編輯技術,，開展豬的遺傳改良和種質創(chuàng)新,，創(chuàng)制醫(yī)用重要疾病模型豬；

        Develop genomic selection and genome editing technologies, carry out breed innovation and genetic improvement in pigs, and create disease model pigs for medical research;

　?。?）構建脊椎動物的三維轉錄調控網絡,，大規(guī)模篩選并驗證轉錄調控元件,，闡明關鍵基因和非編碼RNA功能；

          Construct three-dimensional transcriptional regulatory networks of vertebrates, screen for and verify transcriptional regulatory elements on a large scale, and elucidate the functions of key genes and non-coding RNAs;

　?。?）構筑仔豬營養(yǎng),、微生物與表觀基因組研究模型系統(tǒng)，解析菌群,、營養(yǎng)素等環(huán)境因子對動物發(fā)育與疾病發(fā)生的表觀遺傳效應,；

         Construct model systems for piglet nutrition, microbial and epigenomics research; analyze the epigenetic effects of environmental factors such as flora and nutrients on animal development and disease;

　　（5）開發(fā)基因溯源等技術體系,，保障動物源性食品安全,。

        Develop technology systems, such as DNA tracing to ensure animal-derived food safety.

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研究成果 / Research Results

良豬計劃 / A+ Pig Program (APP)

　　我國是世界上最大的生豬養(yǎng)殖和豬肉消費國?！傲钾i計劃”主要針對優(yōu)良種豬培育和豬肉產品安全等兩大產業(yè)問題,，以組學技術為核心，圍繞“良種豬,、放心肉”兩個目標,，實現優(yōu)良種豬國產化、生豬及產品的精準溯源,，為我國生豬養(yǎng)殖可持續(xù)發(fā)展和豬肉食品安全提供保障,。通過項目實施，將在豬重要經濟性狀形成機制的理論上取得重大突破,，建立全基因組選擇和基因組編輯兩大技術體系,，實現對每頭生豬及產品的精準溯源。

　　China is the world's largest pig farming and pork consumer. The “A+ Pig Program” is mainly aimed at the two major industrial issues of excellent breeding pig breeding and pork product safety. With the core of Omics technology, it focuses on the two goals of “great breeding pigs and safety pork” to achieve the localization of fine breeding pigs and the precision of pigs and products Tracing to the source provides a guarantee for the sustainable development of pig farming and pork food safety in China. Through the implementation of the project, major breakthroughs will be made in the theory of the important economic trait formation mechanism of pigs. Established two major technical systems for whole genome selection and genome editing to achieve precise traceability for each pig and product.

研究基于深度學習算法優(yōu)化序列特異性的C-o-G單堿基編輯器

左二偉團隊與中國科學院腦科學與智能技術卓越創(chuàng)新中心孫怡迪團隊合作開發(fā)了高效率,、高保真的新型OPT-CGBEs并建立機器學習模型CGBE-SMART,。該研究成果將進一步加速CGBE的應用研究，為科研人員提供更高效,、脫靶率低的基因編輯工具,。

揭示中外豬種產肉性狀差異遺傳機制

采用比較發(fā)育遺傳學方法揭示了中國地方豬和西方瘦肉型豬在產肉性狀及骨骼肌生長發(fā)育中的差異分子調控機制，結合全基因組變異分析,，鑒定得到多個調控豬產肉性狀的關鍵編碼基因和非編碼基因,，為豬的分子設計育種提供了重要理論依據。相關成果發(fā)表在《公共科學圖書館：遺傳學(PLoS Genetics)》,。發(fā)明專利“與豬免疫性狀相關的蛋白及其編碼基因和應用”獲得第二十二屆中國發(fā)明專利優(yōu)秀獎,。

開發(fā)了一種命名為CRISPR-actcov的活性SARS-CoV-2檢測策略

通過檢測SARS-CoV-2的亞基因組，開發(fā)了一種命名為CRISPR-actcov的活性SARS-CoV-2檢測策略,。CRISPR-actcov利用CRISPR/Cas12輔助熒光報告系統(tǒng),，可進行快速、高特異性,、肉眼可見的核酸檢測,，該方法為快速準確檢測活性病毒提供了一種可選方法，對更好地應對流行病具有重要意義,。

開發(fā)豬繁殖呼吸綜合征快速檢測新技術

豬基因組設計育種創(chuàng)新團隊首次創(chuàng)建了“一管式”快速檢測豬繁殖與呼吸綜合征病毒(PRSV)的熒光檢測技術,，可以在25分鐘內精準檢測出PRRSV.高靈敏性熒光檢測技術基于CRISPR-Cas12a,具有簡便、精準,、快速,、低成本等優(yōu)點，可用于PRRSV等各種相關病毒的快速檢測,。相關成果發(fā)表在《ACS合成生物學(ACS Synthetic Biology)》雜志上,，并被選為同期封面文章。

鑒定未知RNA新策略

該方法能挖掘unmapped RNA-seq數據中的有效信息,，并調取其全長,，可挖掘在RNA-Seq分析中通常被忽略的有效的unmapped reads信息，并且結合特異性反轉錄引物及二代測序調取其全長序列,，為鑒定未知RNA提供一種新的策略,，提高了RNA-Seq數據的利用效率。

構建了基于超低覆蓋度測序和深度學習的基因組選擇平臺

該平臺通過改良的基因型檢測方法,，達到低成本獲取動植物個體全基因組信息,，通過基因組信息，結合深度學習去預測動植物表型,，從而選育表型更優(yōu)的品種,。BT+T協(xié)同創(chuàng)新，降低育種成本,，提高育種效率,。

 

動物基因組研究中心更新于2022年10月