生態(tài)基因組研究中心

The Ecological Genomics Research Center

中心簡(jiǎn)介/Introduction

　　多組學(xué)驅(qū)動(dòng)生態(tài)綠色防控

中心利用多組學(xué)技術(shù)手段,，聚焦于研究主要農(nóng)業(yè)有害生物、入侵生物等的致害性進(jìn)化及其與寄主互作的分子機(jī)制,，旨在挖掘針對(duì)主要有害生物的綠色防控分子靶標(biāo)及其所危害的作物基因組中的抗性遺傳位點(diǎn),，從而建立重大有害生物預(yù)警、監(jiān)測(cè)與防控體系,，并研發(fā)基于綠色防控的新產(chǎn)品,。初步形成集上游（組學(xué)大數(shù)據(jù)）+中游（防控新技術(shù)）+下游（應(yīng)用新產(chǎn)品）于一體的全鏈條綠色防控體系，為保障國(guó)家糧食安全和粵港澳大灣區(qū)生態(tài)可持續(xù)發(fā)展貢獻(xiàn)力量,。

　　Promoting Major Pests Green Prevention And Control Based On Multi-omics Technology

Through application of multi-omics technologies,the Ecological Genomics Center focuses on studying the genomic basis of harmfulness and invasiveness of major agriculture pests and pathogens,and the molec- ular mechanism of pest-host and pathogen-host interactions.Research at the Center is designed to identify molecular targets for sustainable pest and pathogen control,as well as inheritable resistance-related genetic elements in crop genomes.Through these efforts,the Center aims to estab- lish integrative and eco-friendly warning-monitoring-management systems.and to develop sustainable pest management methods and products to support national food security and sustainable development of the Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Greater Bay Area.

　　

---

人員組成/People structure

　　中心現(xiàn)有農(nóng)科院創(chuàng)新團(tuán)隊(duì)2個(gè),、課題組6個(gè)，“973”計(jì)劃首席科學(xué)家1名,，國(guó)家重大人才工程入選者5名,，農(nóng)科院“青年英才”入選者2名，深圳市國(guó)家級(jí)領(lǐng)軍人才3名,。共有人員52人,，其中研究員6人，博士后20人,，研究生11人,，特聘外籍專(zhuān)家3人。

　　The center currently consists of two CAAS innovation groups, including six research labs. One chief scientist of the 973 Program, five recipients of the National Science Fund , two "CAAS Outstanding Young Talent", and three "Shenzhen High-level Talent". There are 52 people in the Ecological Genomics Research Center. Among them, there are 6 researchers, 20 postdoctoral fellows, 11 graduate students and 3 foreign experts.

創(chuàng)新團(tuán)隊(duì) / Innovation Groups of CAAS

　　農(nóng)業(yè)昆蟲(chóng)基因組學(xué)創(chuàng)新團(tuán)隊(duì)

　　Agricultural Insect Genomics Innovation Group

　　農(nóng)業(yè)宏（環(huán)境）基因組學(xué)創(chuàng)新團(tuán)隊(duì)

　　Agricultural Metagenomics Innovation Group

　　

　　課題組 / Labs

王桂榮課題組 / Wang Guirong Lab

　　蕭玉濤課題組 / Xiao Yutao Lab

楊青課題組 / Yang Qing Lab

　　樊偉課題組 / Fan Wei Lab

　　萬(wàn)方浩,、錢(qián)萬(wàn)強(qiáng)課題組 / Wan Fanghao Lab

　　周紹群課題組 / Zhou Shaoqun Lab

---

任務(wù)目標(biāo)/Objectives

　　中心主要以基因組學(xué)和宏基因組學(xué)為技術(shù)支撐,，解決制約農(nóng)業(yè)發(fā)展的病蟲(chóng)害、面源污染,、入侵生物等農(nóng)田,、自然生態(tài)問(wèn)題，促進(jìn)人類(lèi)農(nóng)業(yè)生產(chǎn)和經(jīng)濟(jì)社會(huì)的可持續(xù)性發(fā)展,，為國(guó)家現(xiàn)代農(nóng)業(yè)提供技術(shù)支撐,。中心正逐步開(kāi)展“E盾計(jì)劃”，包括“1000種重要入侵物種基因組計(jì)劃”和“TOP1000昆蟲(chóng)基因組計(jì)劃”等重大命題,。

　　Using genomics and metagenomics as the main techniques, to solve the problems of pests and diseases, non-point source pollution, invasive organisms and other farmland and natural ecology that restrict agricultural development. Promote the sustainable development of human agricultural production and social economy, and provide technical support for national modern agriculture. The centre is gradually carrying out the "E-shield Project", including "1000 Important Invasive Species Genome Project", "TOP1000 Insect Genome Project", and other major projects.

　　

---

研究方向/Research Areas

　　1,、農(nóng)業(yè)昆蟲(chóng)基因組學(xué)：植物-害蟲(chóng)-微生物互作分子生態(tài)機(jī)制，農(nóng)業(yè)害蟲(chóng)嗅覺(jué)識(shí)別機(jī)理,，昆蟲(chóng)變態(tài)發(fā)育調(diào)控機(jī)理,，研發(fā)綠色防控技術(shù),，推動(dòng)農(nóng)業(yè)綠色發(fā)展；

　　Agricultural insect genomics: Molecular ecological mechanism of plant-pest-microorganism interactions. Olfactory recognition mechanism of agricultural pests. Regulation mechanism of insect metamorphosis and development. Develop green prevention and control technology to promote the green development of agriculture;

　　2,、農(nóng)業(yè)宏基因組學(xué)：農(nóng)作物土壤,、畜禽腸道微生物代謝機(jī)制，設(shè)計(jì)菌肥,，開(kāi)發(fā)新型環(huán)境監(jiān)控技術(shù),，保障食品安全；

　　Agricultural metagenomics: Metabolic mechanism of microorganisms in crop soil and intestinal tract of livestock and poultry. Design bacterial fertilizer and develop new environmental monitoring technology to ensure food safety;

　　3,、入侵生物基因組學(xué)：入侵生物暴發(fā)及環(huán)境適應(yīng)性機(jī)理,，探索快速鑒定和生物防治技術(shù)，維護(hù)生態(tài)安全,。

　　Invasive biogenomics: Outbreak mechanism and environmental adaptability mechanism of invasive organisms. Explore rapid identification and biological control technology to maintain ecological security.

　　

---

研究成果/Research Results

農(nóng)業(yè)害蟲(chóng)嗅覺(jué)編碼的神經(jīng)和分子機(jī)理研究

系統(tǒng)研究了重大農(nóng)業(yè)害蟲(chóng)棉鈴蟲(chóng)的氣味受體基因家族的功能,，首次全面解析了棉鈴蟲(chóng)識(shí)別寄主揮發(fā)物的嗅覺(jué)功能圖譜,；揭示了鱗翅目昆蟲(chóng)通過(guò)嗅覺(jué)與被子植物協(xié)同進(jìn)化的新機(jī)制,，為發(fā)展對(duì)多種鱗翅目害蟲(chóng)高效的綠色防控技術(shù)提供了新的分子靶標(biāo)。該成果作為封面文章發(fā)表在生物進(jìn)化權(quán)威期刊《MolecularBiology and Evolution》上,。

This study systematically reported the global function of the odorant receptor (OR)family in the major agricultural pest cotton bollworm Helicoverpa armigera,and for the first time generated the global function map of the odorant receptors for coding host-plant volatiles.On this basis,further reveal a new mechanism of olfactory mediated co-evolution between lepidopteran insects and angiosperms.and also provides new molec- ular targets for the development of efficient and eco-friendly technology against various lepidopteran pests. This work was selected for the cover story published on the journal of Molecular Biology and Evolution.

Bt靶標(biāo)害蟲(chóng)抗藥性演化機(jī)制研究

Bt靶標(biāo)害蟲(chóng)抗藥性演化機(jī)制研究發(fā)現(xiàn)了一種在棉鈴蟲(chóng)中廣泛存在的新的共生病毒HDV2,該病毒通過(guò)調(diào)控免疫通路的相關(guān)基因使棉鈴蟲(chóng)獲得較高的適合度及Bt耐受能力,，表明棉鈴蟲(chóng)可以借助微生物對(duì)Bt進(jìn)行有效抵御。該結(jié)果對(duì)發(fā)展害蟲(chóng)防治新理論和新方法具有重要科學(xué)意義,。

A novel symbiotic virus.HaDV2,has been discovered to be widespread in Helicoverpa armigera.Thevirus can make the H.armigera acquire high fitness benifit and Bt tolerance by regulating genes relatedimmune pathways,demonstrating that the H.armigera can effectively resist Bt with the help of microor-ganisms.The result has significant scientific effects on the development of novel pest managementtheories and approaches.

植物特異化代謝調(diào)控通路應(yīng)用于植物抗蟲(chóng)的策略

植物特異化代謝調(diào)控通路應(yīng)用于植物抗蟲(chóng)的策略概還了當(dāng)前利用植物特異化代謝物進(jìn)行抗蟲(chóng)基因工程改造的實(shí)例,，并由此總結(jié)提出了四種可行的代謝改造技術(shù)路線。同時(shí),，總結(jié)了當(dāng)前植物代謝基因工程中存在的主要科學(xué)問(wèn)題與技術(shù)瓶頸,，并展望了該領(lǐng)域進(jìn)一步發(fā)展所需的關(guān)鍵科學(xué)進(jìn)展與賦能技術(shù)。

This prospective review provides an overview of the current examples of enhancing crop insect resistancethrough metabolic engineering.and proposed four potentially viable routes for future endeavors in this field.Italso summarized major scientific questions and technical bottlenecks in plant metabolic engineering.andidentified the current scientific progress and technological development that would enable the further advanceof the metabolic engineering approach for enhanced insect resistance in crop species.

　　

 

生態(tài)基因組研究中心更新于2022年10月